Shares and Debentures: Shares and debentures are the most crucial financial instruments in any given firm and, simultaneously, very important to investors. They are forms by which organizations can raise funds. The knowledge of their nature and differences creates a significant impression on anyone who might want to invest or work in the financial sector.
Shares represent ownership in the company. The buying of shares by a person more or less means the buying of a part of the company and related profits and assets. Shares may be categorized into two broad heads: equity shares and preference shares.
Debentures are merely debt instruments issued by a company to borrow. When investors buy debentures, they make loans to the issuers through interest payments and payment of the principal amount at the maturity date.
Fixed Income: Debentures usually carry a fixed rate of interest thus, help in yielding a predictable income for the holder of the debenture. The interest paid is also always at fixed intervals such as half-yearly or yearly.
No Ownership Rights: There is no ownership over the company in the case of debenture holders; nor do they have any voting rights and are considered creditors.
Unsecured: Debentures can be secured or unsecured. Secured debentures are secured by specific assets of the company. On the other hand, unsecured debentures are not secured. While liquidating, a secured debenture holder will be able to claim more when it comes to the assets of the company.
Maturity: In a debenture, there is always a fixed maturity date when the principal sum is paid back to the debenture holders. It can be as short as a few years or as long as several decades.
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