If you have been appearing for competitive exams, you must have realized the importance of vocabulary. A good vocabulary not only helps you to read and understand a Reading Comprehension passage fast, but it also helps you in answering other types of questions fast and with accuracy. When talking about vocabulary, the importance of The Hindu’s Editorial can’t be understated. Not only do you come across new words, phrases etc. but you will also know their meanings. While going through, the editorial you also get to know the editorial’s point of view on the latest events & happenings. To help you increase your vocab, we have come up with this Hindu Vocabulary article where we will be listing the meaning of difficult words/ phrases so that it will be easy for you to understand words & their respective meanings.
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Unconscionable | Unacceptably great in amount. |
| Maiden | Being the first of its type. |
| Inappropriate | Not acceptable or right for someone or something; not suitable. |
| Prejudices | An unfair and unreasonable opinion or feeling, especially when formed without enough thought or knowledge. |
| Pejorative | Expressing disapproval, or suggesting that something is not good or is of no importance. |
| Shrinking | Becoming smaller or less. |
| Objectionable | Used to describe people or things that you dislike or oppose because they are so unpleasant or wrong. |
| Refrain | To avoid doing or stop yourself from doing something. |
| Persist | To try to do or continue doing something in a determined but often unreasonable way. |
| Frustratingly | In a way that makes you feel annoyed because you cannot achieve what you want. |
| Implementation | The act of starting to use a plan or system. |
| Empowerment | The process of gaining freedom and power to do what you want or to control what happens to you. |
| Ensuring | To make something certain to happen. |
| Barriers | Anything that prevents people from being together or understanding each other |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Assault | A determined or serious attempt to do something difficult. |
| Displaced | Having been forced out of its usual or original position. |
| Hostages | Someone who is made a prisoner to force other people to do something. |
| Ceasefire | An agreement, usually between two armies, to stop fighting to allow discussions about peace. |
| Invasion | The act of entering a place by force, often in large numbers. |
| Immediate | Happening or done without delay. |
| Bloodbath | An extremely violent event in which a large number of people are killed. |
| Sympathies | (An expression of) understanding and care for someone else’s suffering. |
| Subsequent | Happening after something else. |
| Resolution | An official decision that is made after a group or organization has voted |
| Immensely | Extremely. |
| Besieged | To surround a place, especially with an army, to prevent people or supplies from getting in or out. |
| Humanitarian | (A person who is) involved in or connected with improving people’s lives and reducing suffering. |
| Mediators | A person who tries to end a disagreement by helping the two sides to talk about and agree on a solution. |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Tranche | One of several parts of a financial arrangement, payment, amount, etc. |
| Opaque | Difficult to understand or know about, especially because things have been intentionally kept secret or made complicated. |
| Encashed | To exchange a cheque or a financial product such as a bond for money. |
| Indictment | Something that shows a policy, system, society, etc. is bad or wrong. |
| Inefficacy | The failure, especially of a medicine or a method of achieving something, to produce the intended result. |
| Propounded | To suggest a theory, belief, or opinion for other people to consider. |
| Rejected | To refuse to accept, use, or believe something or someone. |
| Correlation | A connection or relationship between two or more facts, numbers, etc. |
| Entities | Something that exists apart from other things, having its own independent existence. |
| Cumulative | Increasing by one addition after another. |
| Establishment | A business or other organization, or the place where an organization operates. |
| Trail | Various pieces of information that together show where someone you are searching for has gone. |
| Transactions | An occasion when someone buys or sells something, or when money is exchanged or the activity of buying or selling something. |
| Unscrupulous | Behaving in a way that is dishonest or unfair in order to get what you want. |
| Incumbent | Officially having the named position. |
| Enlighten | To provide someone with information and understanding, or to explain the true facts about something to someone. |
| Electorate | All the people who are allowed to vote. |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Capable | Able to do things effectively and skilfully, and to achieve results. |
| Accomplished | Able to do or finish something successfully. |
| Canisterisation | The process of putting (something) into a canister or canisters. |
| Avionics | The science and technology of the electronic devices used in aeronautics and astronautics. |
| Parameters | A set of facts or a fixed limit that establishes or limits how something can or must happen or be done. |
| Interceptor | A fast aircraft that attacks enemy aircraft. |
| Deterrence | The action or the fact of deterring people from doing something. |
| Retaliation | The act of hurting someone or doing something harmful to someone because they have done or said something harmful to you. |
| Expanding | To increase in size, number, or importance, or to make something increase in this way. |
| Escalation | A situation in which something becomes greater or more serious. |
| Endeavour | To try to do something. |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Conduct | To organize and perform a particular activity. |
| Crowned | The act of winning a sports competition. |
| Astute | Able to understand a situation quickly and see how to take advantage of it. |
| Chugging | To make slow but steady progress. |
| Elevated | High or important. |
| Ghastly | Unpleasant and Shocking. |
| Triumph | To achieve something aimed for. |
| Scrutiny | The careful and detailed examination of something in order to get information about it. |
| Predecessor | A thing that has been followed or replaced by another. |
| Behemoth | Something that is extremely large and often extremely powerful. |
| Cannibalising | Utilize. |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Traversed | To move or travel through an area. |
| Multitudes | A large of number of people or things. |
| Evolution | A Gradual Process of Change or Development. |
| Novelty | The quality of being new and unusual. |
| Countryside | Land not in towns, cities, or industrial areas, that is either used for farming or left in its natural condition. |
| Harmony | A situation in which people are peaceful and agree with each other, or when things seem right or suitable together. |
| Ideological | Based on or relating to a particular set of ideas or beliefs. |
| Representation | A person or organization that speaks, acts, or is present officially for someone else. |
| Paradox | A situation or statement that seems impossible or is difficult to understand because it contains two opposite facts or characteristics. |
| Alliance | An agreement to work with someone else to try to achieve the same thing. |
| Renewal | The act of making an official document, agreement, or rule continue for more time. |
| Secularism | The belief that religion should not be involved with the ordinary social and political activities of a country. |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Tumultuous | Very loud, or full of confusion, change, or uncertainty |
| Persistent | Lasting for a long time or difficult to get rid of |
| Disruptions | The action of completely changing the traditional way that an industry or market operates by using new methods or technology |
| Plausible | Seeming likely to be true, or able to be believed |
| Backlogged | Delayed because of a large number of things that are waiting to be dealt with |
| Reckoning | A calculation that you make |
| Parameter | A set of facts or a fixed limit that establishes or limits how something can or must happen or be done |
| Surpassing | Extremely great |
| Plummeted | To fall very quickly and suddenly |
| Fractionally | By a very small amount |
| Spike | A very high amount, price, or level, usually before a fall |
| Adversly | Unfavorable |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Scheduled | Planned to happen at a particular time |
| Perennial | Lasting a very long time, or happening repeatedly or all the time |
| Simultaneous | Happening or being done at exactly the same time |
| Contentious | Causing, involving, or likely to cause disagreement and argument |
| Vibrant | Energetic, exciting, and full of enthusiasm |
| Exhilarating | Making you feel very excited and happy |
| Diversity | The fact that there are many different ideas or opinions about something |
| Witnessed | To be present at an event and to sign your name as proof that it happened or that it was done correctly |
| Prosperity | A situation in which people are successful and have a lot of money |
| Propaganda | Information or ideas that are spread by an organized group or government to influence people’s opinions, esp. by not giving all the facts or by secretly emphasizing only one way of looking at the facts |
| Bureaucracy | A system for controlling or managing a country, company, or organization that is operated by a large number of officials employed to follow rules carefully |
| Restricted | Limited, especially by official rules, laws, etc |
| Procedural | Relating to a set of actions that is the official, legal, or accepted way of doing something |
| Unconstitutional | Not allowed by the constitution (= set of political principles) of a country or organization |
| Prolonged | Continuing for a long time |
| Staggered | Very shocked or surprised |
| Assessing | To judge or decide the amount, value, quality, or importance of something |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Nomination | The act of officially suggesting someone or something for a job, position, or prize |
| Reverted | To reply |
| Viable | Able to work as intended or able to succeed |
| Conservative | Not usually liking or trusting change, especially sudden change |
| Unprecedented | Not usually liking or trusting change, especially sudden change |
| Unfinished | Not ended or completed |
| Faithful | Firm and not changing in your friendship with or support for a person or an organization, or in your belief in your principles |
| Perspective | A particular way of considering something |
| Prospects | The possibility of being successful, especially at work |
| Charisma | A special power that some people have naturally that makes them able to influence other people and attract their attention and admiration |
| Navigate | To lead a company, activity, etc. in a particular direction, or to deal effectively with a difficult situation |
| Impact | A powerful effect that something, especially something new, has on a situation or person |
| Persuade | To make someone do or believe something by giving them a good reason to do it or by talking to that person and making them believe it |
| Contestants | Someone who attempts to win an election or get power or control |
| Alternative | Something that is different from something else, especially from what is usual, and offering the possibility of choice |
| Paradigm | A model of something, or a very clear and typical example of something |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Implement | To start using a plan or system |
| Precursor | Something that happened or existed before another thing, especially if it either developed into it or had an influence on it |
| Immigrants | A person who has come to a different country in order to live there permanently |
| Operationalize | Relating to a particular activity |
| Unveiled | To make something secret known |
| Revived | To come or bring something back to life, health, existence, or use |
| Minorities | Any small group in society that is different from the rest because of their race, religion, or political beliefs, or a person who belongs to such a group |
| Discriminatory | Treating a person or group differently from and usually worse than other people, because of their race, gender, sexuality, etc. |
| Persecution | Unfair or cruel treatment over a long period of time because of race, religion, or political beliefs |
| Propaganda | Information, ideas, opinions, or images, often only giving one part of an argument, that are broadcast, published, or in some other way spread with the intention of influencing people’s opinions |
| Underpinning | Support, strength, or the basic structure of something |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Resurrect | To bring back something into use or existence that had disappeared or ended |
| Alliance | An agreement to work with someone else to try to achieve the same thing |
| Assiduously | In a way that involves great care and attention to detail |
| Agitation | Worry and anxiety |
| Realignments | The act of putting something, or the fact of being put, into a new or correct position, or an instance of this |
| Consecutive | Following one after another without an interruption |
| Disarray | A messy or confused condition, showing a lack of organization |
| Evident | Easily seen or understood |
| Emaciated | Very thin and weak, usually because of illness or extreme hunger |
| Incoherence | The fact of expressing yourself in a way that is not clear |
| Unilaterally | In a way that involves doing or deciding something without first asking or agreeing with another person, group, or country |
| Proponents | A person who speaks publicly in support of a particular idea or plan of action |
| Paradox | A situation or statement that seems impossible or is difficult to understand because it contains two opposite facts or characteristics |
| Starker | Empty, simple, or obvious, especially without decoration or anything that is not necessary |
| Coincidence | An occasion when two or more similar things happen at the same time, especially in a way that is unlikely and surprising |
| Influencing | The power to have an effect on people or things, or a person or thing that is able to do this |
| Inglorious | That people should be ashamed of because it is not fair or honest |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Distinction | A difference between two similar things |
| Prosecution | The act of taking part in a planned set of activities, especially a war |
| Constitutional | Allowed by or contained in a constitution |
| Protection | To keep someone or something safe from injury, damage, or loss |
| Privileges | An advantage that only one person or group of people has, usually because of their position or because they are rich |
| Rationale | The reasons or intentions that cause a particular set of beliefs or actions |
| Consequences | A result of a particular action or situation, often one that is bad or not convenient |
| Indignation | Anger about a situation that you think is wrong or not fair |
| Potential | Possible when the necessary conditions exist |
| Diminished | To reduce or be reduced in size or importance |
| Inducement | An act or thing that is intended to persuade someone or something |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Legitimate | Reasonable and acceptable |
| Repercussions | The effect that an action, event, or decision has on something, especially a bad effect |
| Assaulted | A violent attack |
| Lamenting | To express sadness and feeling sorry about something |
| Conflagration | A large and violent event, such as a war, involving a lot of people |
| Ethnicised | The process of reducing the differences between people or groups to characteristics or appearances that are assumed to “ethnic” |
| Impunity | Freedom from punishment or from the unpleasant results of something that has been done |
| Majoritarian | Governed by or believing in decision by a majority |
| Counterparts | A person or thing that has the same purpose as another one in a different place or organization |
| Humanitarian | (a person who is) involved in or connected with improving people’s lives and reducing suffering |
| Displacement | The situation in which people are forced to leave the place where they normally live |
| Delegitimisation | To make invalid, illegal, or unacceptable |
| Radicalisation | The process of making someone become less radical (= extreme) in their political or religious beliefs |
| Promoting | To encourage people to like, buy, use, do, or support something |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Precious | Of great value because of being rare, expensive, or important |
| Deliberations | Considering or discussing something |
| Significant | Important or noticeable |
| Mandate | To give official permission for something to happen |
| Fractious | Easily upset or annoyed, and often complaining |
| Conflicts | An active disagreement between people with opposing opinions or principles |
| Shipment | Goods transported together, or the act of transporting them |
| Adrift | Without purpose; aimless |
| Substance | Importance, seriousness, or relationship to real facts |
| Exemption | Special permission not to do or pay something |
| Adverse | Having a negative or harmful effect on something |
| Nuanced | Made slightly different in appearance, meaning, sound, etc |
| Commitment | A promise or firm decision to do something |
| Reiterated | To say something again, once or several times |
| Commentary | A spoken description of an event on the radio or television that is broadcast as the event happens, or the action of providing this description |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Generated | To cause something to exist |
| Excitement | To make someone have strong feelings of happiness and enthusiasm |
| Economists | A person who studies or has a special knowledge of economics |
| Projections | A calculation or guess about the future based on information that you have |
| Estimated | Roughly calculated or approximate |
| Consequent | Happening as a result of something |
| Automatically | Without human control; independently |
| Crucial | Extremely important or necessary |
| Gauging | To calculate an amount, especially by using a measuring device |
| Momentum | The quality that keeps an event developing or making progress after it has started |
| Sequentially | In a way that follows a particular order |
| Drastically | In a way that is severe and sudden or has very noticeable effects |
| Consumption | The act of using, eating, or drinking something |
| Traction | The fact of an idea, product, etc. becoming popular or being accepted |
| Statistical | A collection of numerical facts or measurements, as about people, business conditions, or weather |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Brazenly | In an obvious way, with no effort to hide something |
| Legislators | A member of a group of people who together have the power to make laws |
| Disqualified | To stop someone from being in a competition or doing something because they are unsuitable or they have done something wrong |
| Tottering | Becoming weaker, and likely to fail or end |
| Disenchantment | A feeling of no longer believing in the value of something, especially having learned of the problems with it |
| Resignation | The act of telling your employer that you are leaving your job |
| Strategist | Someone with a lot of skill and experience in planning, especially in military, political, or business matters |
| Rebellion | Action against those in authority, against the rules, or against normal and accepted ways of behaving |
| Shied | Nervous and uncomfortable with other people |
| Bridged | Something that makes it easier to make a change from one situation to another |
| Opposition | Strong disagreement |
| Unilateralism | The process or fact of deciding a policy or action without involving another group or country |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Confirmation | A statement, often written, that an arrangement or meeting is certain |
| Positioned | To put something or someone in a particular place |
| Discourages | To try to prevent something from happening or someone from doing something, or to have the effect of making something less likely |
| Accusations | A statement saying that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind, or the fact of accusing someone |
| Lured | To persuade someone to do something or go somewhere by offering them something exciting |
| Investigate | To examine a crime, problem, statement, etc. carefully, especially to discover the truth |
| Unscrupulous | Behaving in a way that is dishonest or unfair in order to get what you want |
| Availed | Use, purpose, advantage, or profit |
| Thwarting | To stop something from happening or someone from doing something |
| Denied | To say that something is not true |
| Arduous | Difficult, needing a lot of effort and energy |
| Distress | A feeling of extreme worry, sadness, or pain |
| Entrenched | Established firmly so that it cannot be changed |
| Protocols | The system of rules and acceptable behaviour used at official ceremonies and occasions |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Unveiled | To show or introduce something new or make it known publicly for the first time |
| Significant | Important or noticeable |
| Census | A count for official purposes, esp. one to count the number of people living in a country and to obtain information such as age, sex, race, etc |
| Consumption | The act of using, eating, or drinking something |
| Euphemism | A word or phrase used to avoid saying an unpleasant or offensive word |
| Abandoned | Left behind, or left without care and protection |
| Deleterious | Harmful |
| Demonetisation | To officially stop using particular notes or coins, or a particular currency |
| Subsequent | Happening after something else |
| Interpreted | To decide what the intended meaning of something is |
| Narrowing | Limited to a small area of interest, activity, or thought |
| Compounded | Something consisting of two or more different parts: |
| Myriad | Very large in number, or having great variety |
| Inflation | A general, continuous increase in prices |
| Elevated | High or important |
| Recalibration | A change in the way you do or think about something |
| Compiled | To collect information from a variety of places and arrange it in a book, report, or list |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Indomitable | Used to say that someone is strong, brave, determined, and difficult to defeat or frighten |
| Bragging | To speak too proudly about what you have done or what you own |
| Aggression | Spoken or physical behaviour that is threatening or involves harm to someone or something |
| Frenetic | Involving a lot of excited movement or activity |
| Ominous | Suggesting that something unpleasant is likely to happen |
| Superiority | The fact that one person or thing is better, stronger, etc. than another |
| Helmed | To direct or control something |
| Inexperienced | Having little knowledge or experience |
| Threatened | Used to describe something unpleasant or bad that someone has said might happen |
| Lexicon | (a list of) all the words used in a particular language or subject, or a dictionary |
| Dynamics | Forces that produce movement |
| Temptation | The wish to do or have something that you know you should not do or have |
| Abrasive | Rude and unfriendly |
| Essential | Necessary or needed |
| Unbeaten | Not defeated |
| Unhindered | Without anyone or anything making it difficult for you to do something or for something to happen |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Definition | A description of the features and limits of something |
| Impressive | Causing someone to feel admiration or respect |
| Emerging | Growing and developing |
| Reputation | The general opinion that people have about someone or something |
| Spectacular | Especially great |
| Formative | Relating to the time when someone or something is starting to develop in character |
| Descent | An occasion when a group of people arrive somewhere, usually suddenly or unexpectedly |
| Navigation | The act or science of finding a way from one place to another |
| Confirmation | A statement, often written, that an arrangement or meeting is certain |
| Antennae | The natural ability to notice things and understand their importance |
| Potential | Possible when the necessary conditions exist |
| Critical | Giving or relating to opinions or judgments on books, plays, films, etc |
| Diversified | (of a company, economy, fund, etc.) investing money in many different industries, activities, countries, etc |
| Collaboration | The act of working together with other people or organizations to create or achieve something |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Frontier | A border between two countries |
| Exploration | The activity of searching and finding out about something |
| Notion | A belief or idea |
| Endeavours | To try to do something |
| Augment | To increase the size or value of something by adding something to it |
| Innovating | To introduce changes and new ideas |
| Corresponding | Similar to, connected with, or caused by something else |
| Spurring | To encourage an activity or development or make it happen faster |
| Ambitions | A strong wish to achieve something |
| Vitiated | To destroy or damage something |
| Hamstrung | To limit the amount of something that can be done or the ability or power of someone to do something |
| Adapting | To change, or to change something, to suit different conditions or uses |
| Effecting | The result of a particular influence |
| Regulatory | Of or relating to a person or organization whose job is to control an activity or process or to the regulations themselves |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Archaic | Of or belonging to an ancient period in history |
| Patriarchal | Relating to a patriarchy, or to the idea that men are more important than women |
| Unconstitutional | Not allowed by the constitution (= set of rules for government) of a country or organization |
| Coarse | Rude and offensive |
| Undermines | To make someone less confident, less powerful, or less likely to succeed, or to make something weaker, often gradually |
| Dignity | Calm, serious, and controlled behaviour that makes people respect you |
| Compensation | Money that is paid to someone in exchange for something that has been lost or damaged or for some problem |
| Appealed | A request to the public for money, information, or help |
| Dismissal | A decision that someone or something is not important |
| Parity | Equality, esp. of pay or position |
| Barriers | Anything that prevents people from being together or understanding each other |
| Disproportionate | Too great or too small when compared to something else |
| Abide | To live or stay somewhere |
| Disentitlement | To deprive of title, claim, or right |
| Enabler | Something or someone that makes it possible for a particular thing to happen or be done |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Fathom | To understand someone or why someone acts as they do |
| Assimilate | To understand and remember new information and make it part of your basic knowledge so that you can use it as your own |
| Optimum | Best; most likely to bring success or advantage |
| Encourage | To talk or behave in a way that gives someone confidence to do something |
| Fleshed | To add more details or information to something |
| Transmitted | To pass a disease from one person or animal to another |
| Persistent | Lasting for a long time or difficult to get rid of |
| Sobering | Making you feel serious or think about serious matters |
| Prevalence | The fact of something existing or happening often |
| Screening | A test or examination to discover if there is anything wrong with someone |
| Diagnosed | To recognize and name the exact character of a disease or other problem by making an examination |
| Abnormal | Different from what is usual or average, especially in a way that is bad |
| Prevent | To stop something from happening or someone from doing something |
| Mandate | The authority given to an elected group of people, such as a government, to perform an action or govern a country |
| Abnormalities | Something abnormal, usually in the body |
| Assembly | The process of putting together the parts of a machine or structure |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Symbolism | The use of symbols to represent ideas, or the meaning of something as a symbol |
| Invalidated | To prove that an opinion, argument, etc. is wrong |
| Fundamental | Forming the base, from which everything else develops |
| Autonomy | The right of an organization, country, or region to be independent and govern itself |
| Crucial | Extremely important or necessary |
| Conclave | A private meeting at which the discussions are kept secret |
| Converting | To (cause something or someone to) change in form or character |
| Raft | A large amount or number of something |
| Repurposed | To find a new use for an idea, product, or building |
| Offensive | Used for attacking |
| Shrouded | To hide something by covering or surrounding it |
| Transparency | The characteristic of being easy to see through |
| Resolution | An official decision that is made after a group or organization has voted |
| Simultaneously | Happening or being done at exactly the same time |
| Constantly | All the time or often |
| Combat | A fight between two people or things |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Demarcate | To show the limits of something: |
| Abstract | Existing as an idea, feeling, or quality, not as a material object |
| Sustenance | Food, or the energy and other things food provides people and animals to keep them strong and healthy |
| Emerged | To come to the end of a difficult period or experience |
| Negating | To cause something to have no effect |
| Insurgent | Someone who is fighting against the government in their own country |
| Convincing | Able to make you believe that something is true or right |
| Neutralise | To stop something or someone from having an effect |
| Enforcement | The process of making people obey a law or rule, or making a particular situation happen or be accepted |
| Vociferously | (of the way someone complains, protests, etc.) loudly and repeatedly |
| Sentiments | A thought, opinion, or idea based on a feeling about a situation, or a way of thinking about something |
| Humanitarian | Involved in or connected with improving people’s lives and reducing suffering |
| Majoritarian | Governed by or believing in decision by a majority |
| Bogey | Something that causes fear among a lot of people, often without reason |
| Migration | The process of animals traveling to a different place, usually when the season changes |
| Commerce | The activities involved in buying and selling things |
| Humongous | Extremely large |
| Priorities | Something that is very important and must be dealt with before other things |
| Reconsideration | The act of thinking again about a decision or opinion and deciding if you want to change it |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Undermine | To make someone less confident, less powerful, or less likely to succeed, or to make something weaker, often gradually |
| Facilitate | To make something possible or easier |
| Beneficiaries | A person or group who receives money, advantages, etc. as a result of something else |
| Manifestly | Very obviously |
| Amendment | A change to a law that is not yet in operation and is still being discussed |
| Judgment | A decision or opinion about someone or something that you form after thinking carefully |
| Verdicts | An opinion or decision made after judging the facts that are given, especially one made at the end of a trial |
| Disqualification | The act of stopping someone from taking part in a competition or activity, usually because a rule has been broken, or the state of having this happen to you |
| Conviction | The fact of officially being found to be guilty of a particular crime, or the act of officially finding someone guilty |
| Affidavits | A written statement that someone makes after promising officially to tell the truth. An affidavit can be used as proof in a law court. |
| Expedited | To make something happen more quickly |
| Justification | A good reason or explanation for something |
| Abridge | To make a book, play, or piece of writing shorter by removing details and information that is not important |
| Unidentified | (of a person or image of a person) whose name is not known |
| Deployment | The use of something or someone in an effective way |
| Interim | Temporary and intended to be used or accepted until something permanent exists |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Recommended | Suggested as being good or suitable for a particular job or purpose, or suggested as an action that should be done |
| Demand | To ask for something forcefully, in a way that shows that you do not expect to be refused |
| Pension | A sum of money paid regularly to a person who has retired (= stopped working because of having reached a certain age) |
| Predecessor | Someone who had a job or a position before someone else, or something that comes before another thing in time or in a series |
| Approximately | Close to a particular number or time although not exactly that number or time |
| Component | A part that combines with other parts to form something bigger |
| Budgetary | Related to the amount of money that is available to spend |
| Proportionate | In correct relation to |
| Accumulations | To gradually increase in number or amount |
| Contributions | Payments from a company or employee to pay for an employee’s benefits such as medical insurance or a pension |
| Valuation | The act of deciding how much money something might be sold for or the amount of money decided on |
| Demolished | To completely destroy a building, especially in order to use the land for something else |
| Equating | To consider as the same, or to connect in your mind |
| Judgment | The ability to form valuable opinions and make good decisions |
| Expansive | Covering a large area |
| Estimate | To guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Benchmark | A level of quality that can be used as a standard when comparing other things |
| Durable | Able to last and be used for a long time without becoming damaged |
| Moderating | Becoming less, or causing something to become less |
| Monitored | A person who has the job of watching or noticing particular things |
| Underlying | Real but not immediately obvious |
| Nudging | To move slowly and almost reach a higher point or level |
| Prospect | The possibility that something good might happen in the future |
| Significantly | In a way that is easy to see or by a large amount |
| Disquiet | Worry |
| Particularly | Especially, or more than usual |
| Consumption | The amount used or eaten |
| Stability | A situation in which something is not likely to move or change |
| Spillover | The effects of an activity that have spread further than was originally intended |
| Threatening | Expressing a threat of something unpleasant or violent |
| Intensify | To become greater, more serious, or more extreme, or to make something do this |
| Macroeconomic | Of or connected with financial systems at a national level |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Legislature | The group of people in a country or part of a country who have the power to make and change laws |
| Overshadowing | To cause someone or something to seem less important or less happy |
| Instance | A particular situation, event, or fact, especially an example of something that happens generally |
| Inability | Lack of ability to do something |
| Misleading | Causing someone to believe something that is not true |
| Compounding | Something consisting of two or more different parts |
| Mischief | Damage or harm, or an act that causes damage or harm |
| Trumpet | To make people aware of something important |
| Exaggerated | Seeming larger, more important, better, or worse than it really is |
| Customary | Usual |
| Detract | To make something seem less valuable or less deserving of admiration than it really is |
| Propensity | The fact that someone is likely to behave in a particular way, especially a bad way |
| Eminences | The state of being famous, respected, or important |
| Gubernatorial | Relating to a governor |
| Adversaries | An enemy |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Mounted | To organize and begin an activity or event |
| Interventions | The act or fact of becoming involved intentionally in a difficult situation |
| Unprecedented | Never having happened or existed in the past |
| Suspension | The act of stopping something happening, operating, etc. for some time |
| Privilege | An opportunity to do something special or enjoyable |
| Resolution | An official decision that is made after a group or organization has voted |
| Communal | Belonging to or used by a group of people rather than one single person |
| Agenda | A list of matters to be discussed at a meeting |
| Destruction | The act of destroying something, or the fact of being destroyed |
| Precincts | A division of a city or town, esp. an area protected by one police station, or a division used for elections |
| Paradoxically | In a way that seems impossible or difficult to understand because of containing two opposite facts or characteristics |
| Witnessed | To see something happen, especially an accident or crime |
| Conventionally | In a way that is traditional and ordinary |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Progressive | Developing or happening gradually |
| Uniformity | The quality or fact of being the same, or of not changing or being different in any way |
| Allowances | An amount of something that you are allowed |
| Incursion | An occasion when people suddenly involve themselves in another person’s private situation |
| Intrusive | Affecting someone in a way that annoys them and makes them feel uncomfortable |
| Legitimacy | The quality of being reasonable and acceptable |
| Mandating | To give official permission for something to happen |
| Desertion | The act of leaving someone behind in a difficult situation |
| Constitution | The set of political principles by which a state or organization is governed, especially in relation to the rights of the people it governs |
| Adoption | Accepting or starting to use something new |
| Promote | To encourage people to like, buy, use, do, or support something |
| Voluntary | Done, made, or given willingly, without being forced or paid to do it |
| Reformed | Changed and improved because of no longer doing something harmful |
| Regressive | Returning to a previous and less advanced or worse state or way of behaving |
| Prohibited | To officially refuse to allow something |
| Consequence | A result of a particular action or situation, often one that is bad or not convenient |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Accompanied | To go with someone or to be provided or exist at the same time as something |
| Reprising | To repeat a song, performance, or set of actions |
| Haunting | Beautiful, but in a sad way and often in a way that cannot be forgotten |
| Advocated | To publicly support or suggest an idea, development, or way of doing something |
| Hispanic | A person who is from, or whose parents and grandparents are from, a Spanish-speaking country, especially one in Latin America |
| Surpassing | Extremely great |
| Belated | Coming later than expected |
| Fusion | An occasion when two or more things join or are combined |
| Acclaim | To give public approval and praise |
| Percussionist | Musical instruments that you play by hitting them with your hand or an object such as a stick |
| Performance | The action of entertaining other people by dancing, singing, acting, or playing music |
| Collaborations | To work with someone else for a special purpose |
| Accolades | Praise and approval |
| Recognition | Agreement that something is true or legal |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Outcomes | A result or effect of an action, situation, etc |
| Persist | To try to do or continue doing something in a determined but often unreasonable way |
| Stance | A way of thinking about something, especially expressed in a publicly stated opinion |
| Neutral | Not saying or doing anything that would encourage or help any of the groups involved in an argument or war |
| Instructive | Giving useful or interesting information |
| Projection | A calculation or guess about the future based on information that you have |
| Inflation | A general, continuous increase in prices |
| Consideration | The act of thinking about something carefully |
| Constraints | Something that controls what you do by keeping you within particular limits |
| Borrowings | To get or receive something from someone with the intention of giving it back after a period of time |
| Asserted | To behave in a way that expresses your confidence, importance, or power and earns you respect from others |
| Securities | Investment in a company or in government debt that can be traded on the financial markets and produces an income for the investor |
| Elevated | High or important |
| Systemic | A systemic problem or change is a basic one, experienced by the whole of an organization or a country and not just particular parts of it |
| Improved | Better than before |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Conferred | To talk together and exchange ideas, often with the intention of reaching a decision about something |
| Recipients | A person who receives something |
| Stimulant | Something that makes or causes something else to grow or develop |
| Consciousness | The state of understanding and realizing something |
| Reinforce | To make something stronger |
| Reminisced | To talk or write about past experiences that you remember with pleasure |
| Ideology | A theory or set of beliefs, esp. one on which a political system, party, or organization is based |
| Litigation | The process of taking an argument between people or groups to a court of law |
| Sovereignty | The power of a country to control its own government |
| Unanimously | In a way that is agreed or supported by everyone in a group |
| Inaugurated | To put someone into an official position with a ceremony |
| Euphemism | A word or phrase used to avoid saying an unpleasant or offensive word |
| Scattered | Covering a wide area |
| Reinforced | If something reinforces an idea or opinion, it provides more proof or support for it and makes it seem true |
| Alliance | An agreement to work with someone else to try to achieve the same thing |
| Consolidation | The process of becoming or being made stronger and more certain |
| Representation | A person or organization that speaks, acts, or is present officially for someone else |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Interim | Temporary and intended to be used or accepted until something permanent exists |
| Reiterated | To say something again, once or several times |
| Consumption | The amount used |
| Subsidised | Paid for partly by the government or another organization |
| Affiliated | Connected with or controlled by a group or organization |
| Reliable | Someone or something that is reliable can be trusted or believed because he, she, or it works or behaves well in the way you expect |
| Mechanism | A way of doing something that is planned or part of a system |
| Implemented | To start using a plan or system |
| Significant | Important, large, or great, esp. in leading to a different result or to an important change |
| Promotion | The act of encouraging something to happen or develop |
| Decentralised | Used to describe organizations or their activities which are not controlled from one central place, but happen in many different places |
| Galvanise | To cause a person or group to suddenly take action, esp. by shocking or exciting them in some way |
| Accommodative | Willing to give someone what they want or need, or to change in order to suit them |
| Impeded | To make it more difficult for something to happen or more difficult for someone to do something |
| Initiatives | A new plan or process to achieve something or solve a problem |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Self-congratulatory | Praising yourself or saying how well you have done something |
| Replete | Well supplied |
| Surmounted | To deal successfully with a difficulty or problem |
| Entrepreneurship | Skill in starting new businesses, especially when this involves seeing new opportunities |
| Imbuing | To fill something or someone with a quality or feeling |
| Eschewed | To avoid something intentionally, or to give something up |
| Comprehensive | Complete and including everything that is necessary |
| Resounding | Very great; complete |
| Pegging | An arrangement that fixes a price, currency, etc. at a particular level |
| Pruning | The activity of reducing the number or amount of something |
| Nominal | In name or thought but not in fact or not as things really are |
| Notwithstanding | Despite the fact or thing mentioned |
| Consolidation | The process of becoming or being made stronger and more certain |
| Emphasised | To show that something is very important or worth giving attention to |
| Glossed | To provide an explanation for a word or phrase |
| Prudence | Behaviour that is careful and avoids risks |
| Undermining | To make someone less confident, less powerful, or less likely to succeed, or to make something weaker, often gradually |
| Momentum | The quality that keeps an event developing or making progress after it has started |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Geriatric | For or relating to old people |
| Ambitious | Having a strong wish to be successful, powerful, or rich |
| Victories | An occasion when you win a game, competition, election, war, etc. or the fact that you have won |
| Triumph | To have a very great success or victory |
| Conjured | To make something appear by magic, or as if by magic |
| Irresistible | Impossible to refuse, oppose, or avoid because it is too pleasant, attractive, or strong |
| Cartilage | A strong, elastic type of tissue found in humans in the joints and other places such as the nose, throat, and ears |
| Spruce | (of a person) tidy and clean in appearance |
| Recalibrated | To change the way you do or think about something |
| Affirmation | A statement or sign that something is true |
| Consistency | The quality of always behaving or performing in a similar way, or of always happening in a similar way |
| Contrast | An obvious difference between two or more things |
| Reputation | The opinion that people in general have about someone or something, or how much respect or admiration someone or something receives, based on past behaviour or character |
| Burnished | Having had improvements made to it |
| Credentials | The abilities and experience that make someone suitable for a particular job or activity, or proof of someone’s abilities and experience |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Outlook | The likely future situation |
| Proxy | A written document that officially gives someone the authority to do something for another person, for example by voting at a meeting for them |
| Transformative | Causing a major change to something or someone, especially in a way that makes it or them better |
| Assumed | To accept something to be true without question or proof |
| Hobbled | To limit something or control the freedom of someone |
| Constraints | Something that controls what you do by keeping you within particular limits |
| Qualitatively | In a way that relates to how good or bad something is |
| Debatable | Not clear or certain because different people may have different opinions |
| Delinked | Break the connection between (something) and something else. |
| Inherited | To begin to have responsibility for a problem or situation that previously existed or belonged to another person |
| Rebound | To bounce back after hitting a hard surface |
| Vehemently | In a strong and emotional way |
| Commendable | Deserving praise |
| Progressively | Slowly over a period of time or a distance |
| Compliances | Slowly over a period of time or a distance |
| Deregulated | To remove government controls or rules from a business or other activity |
| Convoluted | Very twisted |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Infidelity | The action or state of being unfaithful |
| Affliction | Something that makes you suffer |
| Somersaults | To turn over completely, or to make something do this |
| Alliance | An agreement to work with someone else to try to achieve the same thing |
| Disloyalty | The fact of not supporting someone that you should support |
| Distant | Used to describe someone who does not show much emotion and is not friendly |
| Turnaround | A positive change; improvement |
| Proclaiming | To announce something publicly or officially, especially something positive |
| Insecure | Not safe or not protected |
| Rapprochement | An agreement reached by opposing groups or people |
| Considerable | Large or of noticeable importance |
| Consolidation | The process of becoming or being made stronger and more certain |
| Defanged | Rendered harmless or ineffectual. |
| Potency | Strength, influence, or effectiveness |
| Beneficiary | A person or group who receives money or other benefits as a result of something else |
| Realignment | The act of putting something, or the fact of being put, into a new or correct position, or an instance of this |
| Besmirched | To say bad things about someone to influence other people’s opinion of them |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Circumstance | A fact or event that makes a situation the way it is |
| Invitation | The act of inviting someone to go to an event |
| Symbolism | The use of symbols in art, literature, films, etc. to represent ideas |
| Breach | An act of breaking a law, promise, agreement, or relationship |
| Agreement | A situation in which people have the same opinion, or in which they approve of or accept something |
| Partnership | An agreement between organizations, people, etc. to work together |
| Ambitious | Having a strong wish to be successful, powerful, or rich |
| Diplomat | An official whose job is to represent one country in another, and who usually works in an embassy |
| Speculated | To form opinions about something without having the necessary information or facts; to make guesses |
| Understandable | To know the meaning of something that someone says |
| Condemnation | To criticize something or someone strongly, usually for moral reasons |
| Humanitarian | Involved in or connected with improving people’s lives and reducing suffering |
| Demonstrate | To show something and explain how it works |
| Negotiated | Happening or existing as a result of formal discussions |
| Autonomy | The right of a group of people to govern itself or to organize its own activities |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Derogatory | Showing strong disapproval and not showing respect |
| Boycott | To refuse to buy a product or take part in an activity as a way of expressing strong disapproval |
| Tussle | To have difficult disagreements or strong arguments |
| Docking | To remove part of something |
| Scrapped | To not continue with a system or plan |
| Hydrography | The scientific study of the typical features of oceans, lakes, and rivers, and the making of maps to represent them |
| Rebuff | To refuse to accept a helpful suggestion or offer from someone, often by answering in an unfriendly way |
| Personnel | The people who are employed in a company, organization, or one of the armed forces |
| Hyper Nationalist | Extremely and unreasonably proud of your own country, and often thinking that other countries are not as good as yours |
| Bilateral | Involving two groups or countries |
| Negotiations | The process of discussing something with someone in order to reach an agreement with them, or the discussions themselves |
| Counterpart | A person or thing that has the same purpose as another one in a different place or organization |
| Sovereignty | The power of a country to control its own government |
| Paramount | More important than anything else |
| Confrontation | A fight or argument |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Litigation | The process of taking an argument between people or groups to a court of law |
| Jurisdiction | The authority of a court or official organization to make decisions and judgments |
| Consultation | A meeting to discuss something or to get advice |
| Breach | An act of breaking a law, promise, agreement, or relationship |
| Resolutions | An official decision that is made after a group or organization has voted |
| Acquires | To get or obtain something |
| Standardising | To make things of the same type all have the same basic features |
| Unauthorised | Without someone’s official permission to do something or be in a particular place |
| Prosecute | To officially accuse someone of committing a crime in a law court, or (of a lawyer) to try to prove that a person accused of committing a crime is guilty of that crime |
| Contraband | Goods that are brought into or taken out of the country secretly and illegally |
| Seizures | The action of taking something by force or with legal authority |
| Offenders | A person who is guilty of a crime |
| Notification | The act of telling someone officially about something, or a document, etc. that does this |
| Determining | To control or influence something directly, or to decide what will happen |
| Adjoining | With nothing in between, or touching |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Rituals | A fixed set of actions and words, especially as part of a religious ceremony |
| Proponents | A person who speaks publicly in support of a particular idea or plan of action |
| Divergent | Different or becoming different from something else |
| Nationhood | The fact of being a nation (= a country with its own government, language, traditions, etc.) |
| Inauguration | The act of officially putting someone into an important position, or the ceremony at which this is done |
| Definitive | Considered to be the best of its type |
| Milestone | An important event in the development or history of something or in someone’s life |
| Comprehensive | Complete and including everything that is necessary |
| Humility | The quality of not being proud because you are aware of your bad qualities |
| Invoked | To request help from someone, especially a god, when you want to improve a situation |
| Universality | The quality or state of being universal (= existing everywhere, or involving everyone) |
| Encompasses | To include different types of things |
| Inheritance | Money or objects that someone gives you when they die |
| Exhorted | To strongly encourage or try to persuade someone to do something |
| Purposefully | In a way that shows that you know what you want to do |
| Conception | An idea of what something or someone is like, or a basic understanding of a situation or a principle |
| Facilitated | To make something possible or easier |
| Verdict | An opinion or decision made after judging the facts that are given, especially one made at the end of a trial |
| Disputed | Used to describe something that is the subject of disagreement, especially official or legal disagreement |
| Petitioners | A person who organizes or signs a petition |
| Unambiguously | In a way that makes completely clear what is meant |
| Demolition | The act of destroying something such as a building |
| Unmindful | Not remembering, noticing, or being careful about something |
| Reconciliation | The process of making two opposite beliefs, ideas, or situations agree |
| Abandoned | Left in a particular place or condition, usually forever |
| Unpredictable | Likely to change suddenly and without reason and therefore not able to be predicted (= expected before it happens) or depended on |
| Malleable | Easily influenced, trained, or controlled |
| Forging | To make an illegal copy of something in order to deceive |
| Accentuating | To emphasize a particular feature of something or to make something more noticeable |
| Wisdom | The ability to use your knowledge and experience to make good decisions and judgments |
| Statecraft | The skill of governing a country |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Suspending | To stop something from being active, either temporarily or permanently |
| Prohibited | To officially refuse to allow something |
| Farcical | Very silly, unlikely, or unreasonable, often in a way that is humorous |
| Ecosystem | All the living things in an area and the way they affect each other and the environment |
| Stakeholders | A person such as an employee, customer, or citizen who is involved with an organization, society, etc. and therefore has responsibilities towards it and an interest in its success |
| Crippling | causing serious injuries or harm |
| Wielding | To have or use power, authority, or influence, or to hold and use a weapon |
| Entities | Something that exists apart from other things, having its own independent existence |
| Ideological | Based on or relating to a particular set of ideas or beliefs |
| Interfering | An interfering person gets involved in other people’s lives in an unwanted and annoying way |
| Stringent | Having a very severe effect, or being extremely limiting. |
| Denounced | To criticize something or someone strongly and publicly |
| Incompatible | Not able to exist or work with another person or thing because of basic differences |
| Hypersensitive | Too easily upset by criticism |
| Acknowledge | To accept, admit, or recognize something, or the truth or existence of something |
| Perception | A belief or opinion, often held by many people and based on how things seem |
| Guaranteed | Used to say that something is sure to happen or be true |
| Backsliding | To return to old, often bad, habits, or to a worse condition |
| Conspiracies | The activity of secretly planning with other people to do something bad or illegal |
| Downgrading | To reduce someone or something to a lower rank or position; to make less important or less valued |
Take a Free Mock Test Now to Know Your AIR!
| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Pandemic | A disease that exists in almost all of an area or in almost all of a group of people, animals or plants |
| Import | Importance or meaning |
| Struggled | To experience difficulty and make a very great effort in order to do something |
| Assessed | To judge or decide the amount, value, quality, or importance of something |
| Foundational | Forming the base from which everything else develops |
| Vocational Training | Providing knowledge and skills that prepare you for a particular job |
| Proportion | The number, amount, or level of one thing when compared to another |
| Arithmetic | The part of mathematics that involves the adding and multiplying, etc. of numbers |
| Inkling | A feeling that something is true or likely to happen, although you are not certain |
| Priority | Something that is very important and must be dealt with before other things |
| Literacy | Knowledge of a particular subject, or a particular type of knowledge |
| Diverse | Very different from each other |
| Enrolment | The act of putting yourself or someone else onto the official list of members of a course, college or university, or group |
| Compulsory | If something is compulsory, you must do it because of a rule or law |
| Ambitious | Having a strong wish to be successful, powerful, or rich |
| Curriculum Set | The subjects studied in a school, college, etc. and what each subject includes |
| Assess | To judge or decide the amount, value, quality, or importance of something |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Targeted | Directed at a particular group or activity |
| Rebels | A person who is opposed to the political system in their country and tries to change it using force |
| Retaliate | To hurt someone or do something harmful to someone because they have done or said something harmful to you |
| Instability | Uncertainty caused by the possibility of a sudden change in the present situation |
| Escalation | A situation in which something becomes greater or more serious |
| Anarchy | A situation in which there is no organization and control, especially in society, because there is no effective government |
| Unilateral | Involving only one group or country |
| Sovereignty | The power of a country to control its own government |
| Normalisation | Ordinary or usual; the same as would be expected |
| Vengeful | Expressing a strong wish to punish someone who has harmed you or your family or friends |
| Triggering | Causing a strong emotional reaction of fear or worry because someone is made to remember something bad that has happened in the past |
| Complicate | To make something more difficult to deal with, do, or understand |
| Unpredictable | Tending to change suddenly and without reason or warning, and therefore not able to be depended on |
| Domineering | Trying to control other people without thinking about their feelings |
| Ceasefire | An agreement, usually between two armies, to stop fighting in order to allow discussions about peace |
| Allies | A country that has agreed officially to give help and support to another one, especially during a war |
| Proxies | Authority given to a person to act for someone else, such as by voting for them in an election, or the person who this authority is given to |
Take a Free Mock Test Now to Know Your AIR!
| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Fragile | Physically or emotionally weak |
| Incumbent | Someone who has an official job, especially a political one |
| Rapprochement | An agreement reached by opposing groups or people |
| Duopoly | A situation in which only two companies control all the business in a particular industry |
| Accused | A person or people who may be guilty of a crime and who are being judged in a court of law |
| Outright | Completely or immediately |
| Mainstream | Considered normal, and having or using ideas, beliefs, etc. that are accepted by most people |
| Alliance | A group of countries, political parties, or people who have agreed to work together because of shared interests or aims |
| Threatened | In danger, or likely to stop existing |
| Constrained | Forced to do something against your will |
| Contention | The disagreement that results from opposing arguments |
| Rejection | The act of refusing to accept, use, or believe someone or something |
| Assumed | To accept something to be true without question or proof |
| Salience | The fact of being important to or connected with what is happening or being discussed |
| Reunification | An occasion when a country that was temporarily divided into smaller countries is joined together again as one country |
| Consensus | A generally accepted opinion or decision among a group of people |
| Consequences | A result of a particular action or situation, often one that is bad or not convenient |
| Diminishing | To reduce or be reduced in size or importance |
| Preference | The fact that you like something or someone more than another thing or person |
Take a Free Mock Test Now to Know Your AIR!
| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Fugitive | A person who is running away or hiding from the police or a dangerous situation |
| Notorious | Famous for something bad: |
| Unearth | To discover proof or some other information, especially after careful searching |
| Latent | Present, but not yet active, developed, or obvious |
| Barbaric | Extremely cruel and unpleasant |
| Assault | A violent attack |
| Extremists | Someone who has beliefs that most people think are unreasonable and unacceptable |
| Adaptation | A film, book, play, etc. that has been made from another film, book, play, etc. |
| Communal | Belonging to or used by a group of people rather than one single person |
| Irreversible | Not possible to change; impossible to return to a previous condition |
| Terminated | To cause something to end or stop |
| Disconsolate | Extremely sad and disappointed |
| Conspirators | A person who plans secretly with other people to do something bad, illegal, or against someone’s wishes |
| Underlings | A person of low rank and little authority who works for someone more important |
| Harboured | To think about or feel something, usually over a long period |
| Metamorphosed | A complete change |
| Resurgence | An increase of activity or interest in a particular subject or idea which had been forgotten for some time |
| Vengeance | The punishing of someone for harming you or your friends or family, or the wish for such punishment to happen |
| Assailants | A person who attacks another person |
| Heinous | Very bad and shocking |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Inflation | A general, continuous increase in prices |
| Accelerating | To happen or make something happen sooner or faster |
| Stubbornly | In a way that shows you are determined to do what you want and refuse to do anything else |
| Constituent | One of the parts that a substance or combination is made of |
| Marginally | By a very small amount |
| Disconcertingly | In a way that makes someone feel uncertain and uncomfortable or worried |
| Sequential | Following a particular order |
| Hinterland | A region in the middle part of a country, esp. a large country, that is far from cities or the coast |
| Precarity | The state of being uncertain or likely to get worse |
| Corresponding | Similar to, connected with, or caused by something else |
| Reassuring | Making you feel less worried |
| Upsurge | A sudden and usually large increase in something |
| Reflecting | To show, express, or be a sign of something |
| Volatility | The quality or state of being likely to change suddenly, especially by becoming worse |
| Staples | Basic or main; standard or regular |
| Witnessed | A person who sees an event happening, especially a crime or an accident |
| Deflation | A reduction of the supply of money in an economy, and therefore a reduction of economic activity, that is often part of an intentional government plan to reduce prices |
| Policymakers | A member of a government department, legislature, or other organization who is responsible for making new rules, laws, etc |
| Derail | To prevent a plan or process from succeeding |
| Momentum | The quality that keeps an event developing or making progress after it has started |
| Spiralling | If costs, prices, etc. spiral, they increase faster and faster |
| Infusing | To cause someone or something to take in and be filled with a quality or a condition of mind |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Rotational | Relating to a system in which the person who does a particular job is regularly changed |
| Tableaux | An arrangement of people who do not move or speak, especially on a stage, who represent a view of life, an event, etc |
| Potentially | Used when something is not certain |
| Controversy | A lot of disagreement or argument about something, usually because it affects or is important to many people |
| Unfortunate | Unlucky or having bad effects |
| Accompaniment | A musical part which supports or partners an instrument, voice, or group. |
| Established | Accepted or respected because of having existed for a long period of time |
| Proposals | A suggestion, sometimes a written one |
| Exclusion | The act of not allowing someone or something to take part in an activity or to enter a place |
| Accommodated | To give what is needed to someone |
| Equitable | Treating everyone fairly and in the same way |
| Elaborate | Containing a lot of careful detail or many detailed parts |
| Mechanism | A way of doing something that is planned or part of a system |
| Distinguished | Used to describe a respected and admired person, or their work |
| Empanelled | In a law court, to choose the people who will form the jury for a trial |
| Fabrication | The act of inventing false information in order to deceive someone, or the false information itself |
| Discrimination | The treatment of a person or particular group of people differently, in a way that is worse than the way people are usually treated |
| Contingents | A group of people representing an organization or country, or a part of a military force |
| Splendour | Great beauty that attracts admiration and attention |
| Assertion | A statement that you strongly believe is true |
| Reassuring | Making you feel less worried |
| Bickering | Arguments about things that are not important |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Trigger | An event or situation, etc. that causes something to start |
| Sojourn | To spend a short period staying in a particular place |
| Perceived | To come to an opinion about something, or have a belief about something |
| Derogatory | Showing strong disapproval and not showing respect |
| Distanced | To become or seem less involved or connected with something |
| Ambassadors | An official who represents his or her own country in a foreign country |
| Summoned | To order someone come to a particular place, or to officially tell someone to be present |
| Boycott | To refuse to buy a product or take part in an activity as a way of expressing strong disapproval |
| Underlying | Real but not immediately obvious |
| Accruing | To increase over a period of time |
| Disappointment | Something or someone that is not what you were hoping it would be |
| Predecessor | Someone who had a job or a position before someone else, or something that comes before another thing in time or in a series |
| Cozied Up | To be very friendly to someone with the hope of getting an advantage |
| Clarified | To make something clear or easier to understand by giving more details or a simpler explanation |
| Hypernationalistic | Extremely and unreasonably proud of your own country, and often thinking that other countries are not as good as yours |
| Rhetoric | Speech or writing intended to be effective and influence people |
| Reassess | To think again about something in order to decide if you should change the way you feel about it or deal with it |
| Antagonise | To make someone dislike you or feel opposed to you |
| Provocation | An action or statement that is intended to make someone angry |
| Infrastructure | The basic systems and services, such as transport and power supplies, that a country or organization uses in order to work effectively |
| Cooperation | The act of working together with someone or doing what they ask you |
| Paramount | More important than anything else |
| Bilateral | Involving two groups or countries |
| Stability | A situation in which something is not likely to move or change |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Commit | To promise or give your loyalty, time, or money to a particular principle, person, or plan of action |
| Intent | Giving all your attention to something |
| Steer | To take someone or something or make someone or something go in the direction in which you want |
| Trajectory | A path, progression, or line of development resembling a physical trajectory |
| Reinforce | If something reinforces an idea or opinion, it provides more proof or support for it and makes it seem true |
| Reputation | The general opinion that people have about someone or something |
| Sheer | Used to emphasize how very great, important, or powerful a quality or feeling is; nothing except |
| Dwarfs | Very small |
| Migration | The process of people travelling to a new place to live, usually in large numbers |
| Bursting at the seams | Extremely full |
| Conclave | A private meeting or secret assembly |
| Demonstrable | Able to be proved or shown |
| Constraints | Something that controls what you do by keeping you within particular limits |
| Blueprint | A complete plan that explains how to do or develop something |
| Monitored | To watch and check a situation carefully for a period of time in order to discover something about it |
| Encountered | A meeting, especially one that happens by chance |
| Acquisition | The process of getting something |
| Transparently | In a way that is clear and easy to understand or recognize |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Verdict | A decision by a jury as to whether someone is guilty after having heard the facts given at a trial |
| Quashing | To say officially that something, especially an earlier official decision, is no longer to be accepted |
| Convicted | Having officially been found guilty of a crime in a law court |
| Heinous | (Esp. of a crime) extremely bad or evil |
| Unequivocal | Expressed in a clear and certain way |
| Indictment | Something that shows a policy, system, society, etc. is bad or wrong |
| Disgraceful | Very bad |
| Premature | Happening or done too soon, esp. before the natural or desired time |
| Garlanded | To welcome someone by putting garland on them |
| Granting | To give or allow someone something, usually in an official way |
| Remission | A reduction of the time that a person has to stay in prison |
| Appropriate | Suitable or right for a particular situation or occasion |
| Review | To think or talk about something again, in order to make changes to it or to make a decision about it |
| Suppression | The act of preventing something from being seen or expressed or from operating |
| Guilty | Responsible for breaking a law |
| Restoration | The act or the process of returning something to its original condition, or to a state similar to its original condition |
| Reiteration | To say something again, once or several times |
| Animate | To cause someone or something to be more active or full of life |
| Reasonable | Based on or using good judgment and therefore fair and practical |
| Parameters | A set of facts which describes and puts limits on how something should happen or be done |
| Potential | Possible when the necessary conditions exist |
| Committing | To do something illegal or something that is considered wrong |
| Offences | An illegal act; a crime |
| Considered | An opinion or decision that someone has reached after a lot of thought |
| Omnibus | Of, relating to, or providing for many things at once |
| Gesture | An action that expresses your feelings or intentions, although it might have little practical effect |
| Rational | Based on clear thought and reason |
| Humanitarian | Involved in or connected with improving people’s lives and reducing suffering |
| Reform | To make an improvement, especially by changing a person’s behaviour or the structure of something |
| Usurpation | The act of taking control of something without having the right to, especially of a position of power |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Stream | A continuous flow of things or people |
| Transmitted | To send out or carry signals or messages using radio, television |
| Translated | To change writing or speech from one language into another |
| Manoeuvres | To turn and direct an object |
| Unfettered | Not limited by rules or any other controlling influence |
| Ejections | To push, throw, or force something out of a place |
| Magnetometers | Any instrument for measuring the intensity or direction of a magnetic field, esp the earth’s field |
| Emissions | The act of sending out gas, heat, light, etc. |
| Supplements | Something that is added to something else in order to improve it or complete it; something extra |
| Commenced | To Begin Something |
| Perception | A belief or opinion, often held by many people and based on how things seem |
| Disillusioned | Disappointed and unhappy because of discovering the truth about something or someone that you liked or respected |
| Commissioning | To formally choose someone to do a special piece of work |
| Communication | To share information with others by speaking, writing, moving your body, or using other signals |
| Components | A part that combines with other parts to form something bigger |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Petition | A formal letter to a law court asking for a particular legal action |
| Allegation | A statement, made without giving proof, that someone has done something wrong or illegal |
| Malfeasance | An example of dishonest and illegal behaviour, especially by a person in authority |
| Manipulation | Controlling someone or something to your own advantage, often unfairly or dishonestly |
| Subordinate | Having a lower or less important position |
| Petitioner | A person who is asking for action from a law court |
| Entreaties | An attempt to persuade someone to do something |
| Chariness | The trait of being cautious and watchful |
| Emphatic | Strongly Expressive |
| Comprehensive | Complete and include everything that is necessary |
| Deliberate | Intentional or Planned |
| Inadequacy | The fact that something is not good enough or is too small in amount |
| Skirted | To go around the edge of something |
| Fundamental | Forming the base, from which everything else develops |
| Pertaining | To be connected with a particular subject, event, or situation |
| Amendments | A change to a law that is not yet in operation and is still being discussed |
| Obligation | The condition of being morally or legally bound to do something |
| Capricious | Changing mood or behaviour suddenly and unexpectedly |
| Elaboration | The addition of more information to or an explanation of something |
| Reluctance | An unwillingness to do something |
| Tardiness | The quality of being late or slow |
| Conglomerate | A company that owns several smaller businesses whose products or services are usually very different |
| Abstinence | The act or practice of refraining from some action or from the use of something |
| Alacrity | Speed and Eagerness |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Aggravated | Money that is paid to someone in exchange for something that has been lost or damaged or for some problem |
| Offence | An illegal act; a crime |
| Rashness | The quality of being careless or unwise, without thought for what might happen or result |
| Negligence | The fact of not giving enough care or attention to someone or something |
| Implemented | To put a plan or system into operation |
| Scrutinised | To examine something very carefully to discover information |
| Severity | Seriousness |
| Implications | An occasion when you suggest or show that someone is involved in a crime |
| Abstaining | To not do something, especially something enjoyable that you think might be bad |
| Consultations | A meeting to discuss something or to get advice |
| Liability | The fact that someone is legally responsible for something |
| Tactful | Careful not to say or do anything that could upset someone |
| Provision | A statement within an agreement or a law that a particular thing must happen or be done |
| Stringent | Having a very severe effect, or being extremely limiting |
| Fatalities | A death caused by an accident or by violence, or someone who has died in either of these ways |
| Negligent | Not being careful or giving enough attention to people or things that are your responsibility |
| Culpable | Deserving to be blamed or considered responsible for something bad |
| Homicide | The crime of killing a person; murder |
| Procedure | A set of actions that is the official or accepted way of doing something |
| Imprisonment | The act of putting someone in prison or the condition of being kept in prison |
| Lynching | The act of killing someone without a legal trial, usually by hanging |
| Comprehensive | Complete and including everything that is necessary |
| Compensation | Money that is paid to someone in exchange for something that has been lost or damaged or for some problem |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Yielded | To supply or produce something positive such as a profit, an amount of food or information |
| Revenues | The income that a business or government receives regularly, or an amount representing such income |
| Fiscal | Relating to public money or other financial matters |
| Clocked | To take a particular time exactly to do or complete something |
| Mandarins | A person who has a very important job in the government, and who is sometimes considered to be too powerful |
| Anticipate | To imagine or expect that something will happen |
| Bestowing | To give something as an honour or present |
| Bonanza | A situation in which something good exists in large quantities |
| Exchequer | The government department that is responsible for the country’s finances, including tax levels and how much money the government can spend |
| Buffer | Something or someone that helps protect from harm |
| Moderate | Neither small nor large in size, amount, degree, or strength |
| Handouts | A document given to students or reporters that contains information about a particular subject |
| Transaction | An occasion when someone buys or sells something |
| Momentum | The quality that keeps an event developing or making progress after it has started |
| Marginally | Very small amount |
| Spurred | To encourage an activity or development or make it happen faster |
| Fervour | Strong and sincere beliefs |
| Corroborated | To add information in support of an idea, opinion, or statement |
| Resilient | Able to be happy, successful, etc. again after something difficult or bad has happened |
| Consumption | An amount of something that is used, or the process of using something |
| Headwinds | Challenges that hinder growth or progress |
| Buttress | To make support for an idea or argument stronger by providing a good reason for it |
| Bleak | Little or No hope for the future |
| Interim | Temporary; intended for a short period only: |
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| Difficult Word/ Phrase | Contextual Sense |
| Polarimeter | An instrument which measures the angle of rotation by passing polarized light through an optically active (chiral) substance. |
| Astrophysical | Related to the study of stars and other objects in space using physical laws |
| Heartening | Making you feel happier and more positive |
| Skewed | Not accurate or exact |
| Exceptional | Much greater than usual, especially in skill, intelligence, quality, etc |
| Observe | To watch carefully the way something happens |
| Emission | The act of sending out gas, heat, light, etc.: |
| Intense | Extreme and forceful or (of a feeling) very strong |
| Priority | Something that is very important and must be dealt with before other things |
| Unfurled | Make or become spread out from a rolled or folded state, especially in order to be open to the wind |
| Radiation | A form of energy that comes from a nuclear reaction and that can be very dangerous to health |
| Shield | To protect someone or something |
| Vignette | To describe briefly |
| Navigates | To deal effectively with a difficult situation |
| Inevitable | Certain to happen and unable to be avoided or prevented |
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Keep revisiting this article of Daily Hindu Vocabulary to discover new words and their meanings which are updated on a daily basis. Wishing you all the best with your preparation!
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View Comments
I thanks to practice mock
Very bad site not updated vocab months in Jan Feb mar 2021
Hey Manibhushan, We did update the Hindu vocab for the months of Jan & Feb but unfortunately because of some technical issue, those got deleted. But you can download the Free PDFs of Hindu Vocab of last year and keep updating your word power.
Regards,
Namaste Nikunj jii..
You are providing every day vocabulary from The Hindu editorial which is really a great boon to the competitive aspirants like me...
But, one thing I just want to tell you that please provide that editorial also, to make us understand the meaning of the context. please take this into consideration!!
Thank you!!
Namaste Poornima Ji, Thanks for your appreciation! It really makes our day reading such wonderful feedback. We do provide the editorial as individual articles. You can view all the editorials date-wise by clicking this link- https://www.practicemock.com/blog/tag/editorials-difficult-words-2/. Do let us know if you are still unable to view the editorials.
Regards,
Team PracticeMock
Nikunj sir please upload the monthly vocab pdf of September month
You have the daily please combine in one pdf
Very helpful
very very much useful..
Your daily editorial is very helpful for me to improve my reading skill, sir please publish it daily. Thanks.
Dear sir,
Thanks a lot for your effort as well as consistency in helping the students to achieve their goals as early as possible, but sir I have one query regarding the Daily vocabulary editorial you are not providing may be any problem with you due to some reason you are not providing but as a reader, I am going to enhance my vocabulary day by day need your help in the form of Daily vocabulary editorial.
thanks a lot for your kindness towards your student.
You are welcome!
2023 monthly vocab not available
Hi, Please check now. It's been made available.