The Hindu Editorial Vocabulary– Aug 6, 2021; Day 115

We hope that these editorial articles are helping you in your exam preparation. This series of  Editorials’ Difficult Words will help you to understand the editorials of The Hindu in a better way. Today we have come up with the explanation of difficult words/phrases of the below editorial. Have a look and update your word power & general awareness by going through this editorial.

Difficult Word/ Phrase	Contextual Sense
Zealous	feeling or showing strong and energetic support for a person, cause, etc.
Paternalism	the system in which a government or an employer protects the people who are governed or employed by providing them with what they need, but does not give them any responsibility or freedom of choice
Temptation	the desire to do something, especially something wrong or unwise
Strike down	abolish a law or regulation
Circumscribe	restrict (something) within limits
Audacious	showing a willingness to take surprisingly bold risks
turn somethingth on its head	to cause something to be the opposite of what it was before
Wager	risk (a sum of money or valued item) against someone else’s on the basis of the outcome of an unpredictable event
Claustrophobic	(of a person) having an extreme or irrational fear of confined places
Stranglehold	complete or overwhelming control

Not always fair game: On online gambling

State must guard against zealous (feeling or showing strong and energetic support for a person, cause, etc.) paternalism (the system in which a government or an employer protects the people who are governed or employed by providing them with what they need, but does not give them any responsibility or freedom of choice) while seeking to curb activities online

Good intentions do not always make for good legislation. The Tamil Nadu government’s effort to protect its youth from the temptations (the desire to do something, especially something wrong or unwise) of online gambling by amending a colonial gaming law to ban online rummy and poker, has not survived judicial scrutiny. Its amendment to the Tamil Nadu Gaming Act, 1930, has been struck down (abolish a law or regulation) by the Madras High Court, which found the prohibition unreasonable because it sought to bring even games predominantly of skill under the label of gambling, if there was an element of betting or even prize money or any other stake involved. The State’s intention was acceptable to the extent that it sensed the danger involved in allowing addictive games. However, it erred in failing to make a distinction between games of skill and games of chance, and in seeking to treat as ‘gaming’ anything that involved stakes, contrary to judicial pronouncements circumscribing (restrict (something) within limits) the term to games that are based on chance. In an audacious (showing a willingness to take surprisingly bold risks) move that the court found completely unacceptable, the amending Act sought to “turn the statute on its head” (turn somethingth on its head means to cause something to be the opposite of what it was before) by replacing a section that provided exemption to ‘games of skill’ from its purview with one that said it would apply to even games of skill if played for wager (risk (a sum of money or valued item) against someone else’s on the basis of the outcome of an unpredictable event), bet, money or stake. The court rightly found that this would actually render illegal even offline games that were played for prize money. It said, “What was once the exemption or escape provision has now been given the most claustrophobic ((of a person) having an extreme or irrational fear of confined places) stranglehold (complete or overwhelming control) and has the possibility of bringing about the most ridiculous and unwanted results if applied in letter and spirit.”

One of the problems of political populism is that the state takes its paternalistic role too seriously. It assumes that large sections of society require guidance, lest their ideas of freedom lead them to uncharted zones where lack of restraint and self-control land them in debt and penury. Notions of individual freedom and choice tend to be forgotten. Another problem is that the moral element is predominant in such laws, often to the detriment of the reasonableness of their provisions. Some activities are associated with sin more than with commerce, and these are susceptible to the government’s regulatory reach and banning instincts. The court, while understanding the law’s intent, has rightly questioned the lack of proportionality in banning something that could have been regulated. It notes that excessive paternalism could descend into authoritarianism and curb an activity individuals are free to indulge in. It could not sympathise with the State’s contention that online games were invariably open to manipulation and no distinction need be made between games of chance and those of skill. However, it did remember to observe that appropriate legislation regulating betting and gambling activities is still possible, but something that conforms to constitutional propriety.

Hope you got to know some new words/phrases which will definitely be useful in the English section of upcoming competitive exams. Wishing you all the best for your preparation!

Want to improve your vocabulary further? Download the Lists of Word-Meanings of Previous Months here.