The Hindu Editorial Vocabulary– Apr 14, 2021; Day 37

Today we have collated the 10 tricky words/phrases/terms from the editorial on Pregnancy Law Amendment. Go through these words and see how many did you know already. Check their usage as well. This will surely help you to understand the sense the tricky words have conveyed in the editorial.

Difficult Word/ Phrase	Contextual Meaning
Emancipation	the fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions
Giant leap	important progress that has been made
Push the envelope	testing limits and trying out new, often radical ideas
Antediluvian	extremely old-fashioned
Foetal anomaly	unusual or unexpected conditions in a baby’s development during pregnancy
Keep a watchful eye	to watch (someone or something) closely
Nosedive	to suddenly fall in value, quickly and by a large amount
Stop short of	not go as far as (some extreme action)
Dramatis personae	people who figure prominently in something
Jagged	having a harsh, rough, or irregular quality

A small step: On medical termination of pregnancy law amendment

Medical termination of pregnancy laws should recognise the primacy of women’s agency

Emancipation (the fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions) is seldom a linear progression to the finish; the hurdles are many, some entrenched in the mind. The passing of amendments to the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act in India recently is a step forward in recognising the rights of women, but is no giant leap (important progress that has been made). It does push the envelope (testing limits and trying out new, often radical ideas) way past how far the now antediluvian (extremely old-fashioned) MTP Act of 1971 went, primarily by allowing the termination of pregnancy beyond 24 weeks if there are foetal anomalies (unusual or unexpected conditions in a baby’s development during pregnancy). However, it also sets the decision on the shoulders of a medical board formed by State governments for this specific purpose. The amended Act also allows the termination of pregnancy until 20 weeks based on the opinion of one qualified doctor, an improvement from the consensus between the two doctors clause that was previously required. As per the amendment, unmarried women can also terminate their pregnancy, and by replacing the word ‘husband’ with the word ‘partner’, it, for the first time, takes the dialogue outside the confines of marital relationships that it was trapped in, legally. In a country where statistics put the number of unsafe and illegal abortions done every year at about 800,000, any extension of legal and safe provisions for termination of pregnancy is clearly welcome. Admittedly, in India where sex-selective abortions are performed, the state needs to keep a watchful eye (to watch (someone or something) closely) on anything that might allow the sex ratio to nosedive (to suddenly fall in value, quickly and by a large amount) further.

But this law stops short of (not go as far as (some extreme action)) reimagining an issue at the heart of any debate on abortions — a woman’s agency over reproduction. The key dramatis personae (people who figure prominently in something) in a decision to keep or abort a foetus are essentially the woman and her gynaecologist; instead, the law envisages the decision to be made by a board of specialists if an abortion is required after 24 weeks. Among the reasons why the amendments were pushed was the laborious process a woman had to undergo in order to get an abortion, sometimes resolved by courts, but often frustrating and leading them to seek solutions surreptitiously, risking their life. This is retrograde, even positioned against a global trend — the laws in over 60 countries allow women to get an abortion on request at any point in the gestation. While old laws sought to protect the life of a woman on the grounds that medical procedures would be unsafe for the mother after a certain gestational limit — usually 12 weeks — medical capability is no longer a limit. Experts swear medical technology has advanced sufficiently to allow safe abortions in secure health-care settings at very advanced stages of the pregnancy too. The amended Act, then, scarcely recognises women’s agency at the centre of it all, and until it does so, through a fundamental change in mindset, measures such as these will count as but small progress on a jagged (having a harsh, rough, or irregular quality) line.

Hope you got to know some new words/phrases which will definitely be useful in the English section of upcoming competitive exams. Wishing you all the best for your preparation!

Want to improve your vocabulary further? Download the Lists of Word-Meanings of Previous Months here.