The Hindu Editorial Vocabulary– Apr 12, 2021; Day 35

Today we have collated the 10 tricky words/phrases/terms from the editorial on the US-India Maritime issue. Go through these words and see how many did you know already. Check their usage as well. This will surely help you to understand the sense the tricky words have conveyed in the editorial.

Difficult Word/ Phrase/ Term	Contextual Meaning/ Definition
Multilateral	agreed upon or participated in by three or more parties, especially the governments of different countries
Traverse	travel across or through
Assert	state a fact or belief confidently and forcefully
Manoeuvre	a large-scale military exercise of troops, warships, and other forces
Dispose of	settle
Grapple	to fight, especially in order to win something
In line with	in alignment or accordance with
Belligerence	aggressive or warlike behavior
Chart out	to outline a plan for something
Quad	The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QSD, also known as the Quad) is an informal strategic dialogue between the United States, Japan, Australia and India that is maintained by talks between member countries.

Enforcing claims: On U.S. challenging India’s maritime rights

India will have to deal with the open challenge the U.S. has posed to its maritime claims

For several years now, the relationship of the U.S. and India has been marked by their sensitivity to each other’s concerns as they deepened cooperation on strategic issues, and aligned positions on multilateral (agreed upon or participated in by three or more parties, especially the governments of different countries) issues. As a result, the April 7 press release by the U.S. Navy that announced that its 7th fleet’s Destroyer, the USS John Paul Jones, had traversed (travel across or through) India’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in order to “challenge” India’s claim that it must be notified before any military activity in these waters came as a surprise, particularly as it followed two successful visits by senior U.S. officials, including the U.S. Defence Secretary and Climate Envoy to Delhi. In the press release, the U.S. Navy said its ship had “asserted (state a fact or belief confidently and forcefully) navigational rights and freedoms approximately 130 nautical miles west of the Lakshadweep Islands, inside India’s exclusive economic zone, without requesting India’s prior consent,” claiming this was “consistent” with international law, referring to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). While the U.S.’s decision to conduct “Freedom of Navigation Operations” (FONOPs) is not new, as it regularly carries out such operations in order to “assert” international law off the coasts of 19 countries, most notably China, what appears to be new is the statement issued by the U.S. Navy itself. The government, which responded to the operation on April 9, said it had expressed its “concerns” to the U.S. government through diplomatic channels. In addition, India contested the U.S. claim about international law, saying that UNCLOS did not authorise military manoeuvres (a large-scale military exercise of troops, warships, and other forces) on the continental shelf or EEZ, as the 7th fleet had carried out, without prior consent.

While the matter has been disposed of (settled) diplomatically for the moment, it is clear that the government must prepare to grapple (to fight, especially in order to win something) with the issue with the U.S. in the long term. The U.S.’s announcement indicates that a new SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) for these FONOPs is being adopted. To begin with, the government must clearly explain its own position, making it clear to all partners how the Indian law governing maritime claims is in line with (in alignment or accordance with) international law. Next, it must analyse the U.S.’s motivations for this belligerence (aggressive or warlike behavior), and chart out (to outline a plan for something) a course accordingly. Primarily, the U.S. naval actions maybe a message to China, whose maritime claims are increasingly coming into conflict with those of the U.S. and its allies, but Washington is attempting to send a broader message that it will not tolerate any other country’s claims. As New Delhi contends with this new reality, it must seek answers from Washington about how their newly intensified Quad (The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QSD, also known as the Quad) is an informal strategic dialogue between the United States, Japan, Australia and India that is maintained by talks between member countries) partnership, especially their stated objective to cooperate on keeping a “free and open Indo-Pacific”, can co-exist with the open challenge the U.S. Navy has posed.

Hope you got to know some new words/phrases which will definitely be useful in the English section of upcoming competitive exams. Wishing you all the best for your preparation!

Want to improve your vocabulary further? Download the Lists of Word-Meanings of Previous Months here.