The Hindu Editorial Vocabulary 2nd July 2024

The Hindu Editorial Vocabulary 2nd July 2024 is an effective tool for learning new words and their contextual meanings regularly. Candidates can get this resource for free to improve their vocabulary knowledge preparing for government exams.

Hindu Editorial Vocab On Iran Elections

As no candidate managed to win 50% vote in the first round of Iran’s snap presidential elections, the country is headed for a run-off on July 5 between the top two vote getters — reformist Masoud Pezeshkian and conservative Saeed Jalili. Mr. Pezeshkian, a surgeon and lawmaker who was the Minister of Health in the government of reformist (trying to improve a system or law by changing it) President Mohammed Khatami, won 42.5% votes, while Mr. Jalili, Iran’s former chief nuclear negotiator, got 38.8% votes. Conservative Parliament Speaker Mohammad Baqer Qalibaf finished third with 13.8% vote share. The election, which was necessitated by President Ebrahim Raisi’s death in a helicopter crash in May, is taking place at a crucial time for Iran. There is much public anger amid economic hardships and heightened cultural policing. Iran is facing pressure to rein in its proxies (authority given to a person to act for someone else, such as by voting for them in an election, or the person who this authority is given to), mainly Yemen’s Houthis and Lebanon’s Hezbollah, particularly after the Israel-Hamas war began. Iran is also expanding its nuclear programme, defying international pressure, and tensions with Israel rocketed in April when Tehran launched a missile attack towards the Jewish state after its embassy building in Damascus was bombed. A new President, reformist or conservative (not usually liking or trusting change, especially sudden change), is unlikely to change core policies, but the highest elected official in the republic can have a say on how critical (saying that someone or something is bad or wrong) policies are being implemented (to start using a plan or system).

In the past, reformist politicians such as Mr. Khatami and Hassan Rouhani won huge mandates on promises of change, but did little in opening up the system that is tightly controlled by the Shia clergy. The failure to reform the system from within and alleviate the economic woes, which are a result of the western sanctions, have turned sections of the electorate apathetic (showing no interest or energy and unwilling to take action, especially over something important). There was a time when Iran’s clerical rulers would invoke the high participation of voters as a measure of popular legitimacy (the quality of being legal) for the revolutionary regime, which is partly representative and fully theocratic. If the voter turnout was above 80% in 2009, it was a record low this year — 39.9% This is not a surprise. All branches of the state are under conservative control, and several reformist politicians were barred from contesting. Even if reformists win, they are constrained (constrained behaviour is forced and unnatural) by unelected institutions such as the office of the Supreme Leader and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. The near-total dominance (the quality of being more important, strong, or successful than anything else of the same type) of the conservatives over the institutions and the clergy’s refusal to change are hollowing out even the limited democracy that the revolution had promised. Economic hardships and repression over the Islamic code are adding fuel to the fire. Iran can take pride that it held a presidential election amidst crises. But its rulers should also take a cue from the growing dissent (a strong difference of opinion on a particular subject, especially about an official suggestion or plan or a popular belief) and falling voter interest, and be ready for political and social reforms.

Hindu Vocab Wordlist 2nd July 2024

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• Reformist: Trying to improve a system or law by changing it.
• Proxy: Authority given to a person to act for someone else, such as by voting for them in an election, or the person who this authority is given to.
• Conservative: Not usually liking or trusting change, especially sudden change.
• Critical: Saying that someone or something is bad or wrong.
• Implemented: To start using a plan or system.
• Apathetic: Showing no interest or energy and unwilling to take action, especially over something important.
• Legitimacy: The quality of being legal.
• Constrained: Constrained behaviour is forced and unnatural.
• Dominance: The quality of being more important, strong, or successful than anything else of the same type.
• Dissent: A strong difference of opinion on a particular subject, especially about an official suggestion or plan or a popular belief.

Hindu Vocab Master 2nd July with Synonyms & Antonyms

Know synonyms and antonyms of difficult words in Hindu Vocab Master on 2nd July 2024.

Difficult Words	Synonyms & Antonyms
Reformist	Synonym: Catholic, Humanistic Antonym: Intolerant
Proxy	Synonym: Surrogate, Intermediary Antonym: End
Conservative	Synonym: Traditional, Cautious Antonym: Changeable, Incautious
Critical	Synonym: Demanding, Analytical Antonym: Laudatory, Complimentary
Implemented	Synonym: Armed, Clothed Antonym: Bare, Stripped
Apathetic	Synonym: Callous, Indifferent Antonym: Caring, Compassionate
Legitimacy	Synonym: Justice, Authority Antonym: Breach, Break
Constrained	Synonym: Strained, Embarrassed Antonym: Calm, Comfortable
Dominance	Synonym: Control, Domination Antonym: Impotence, Incapacity
Dissent	Synonym: Discord, Dissension Antonym: Acceptance, Agreement