How to Master Syllogism Concept along with Practice Questions- Important for RBI Assistant

RBI Assistant 2023 recruitment notification was released on 13th Sep 2023 featuring 450 vacancies. The online application is already started yesterday and the last date for online registration is October 04, 2023. We advise the candidates to complete the online registration process as soon as possible and must not wait for the last date. After the online registration candidates must check out the RBI Assistant previous year along with answers & detailed solutions. As far as RBI Assistant exam pattern goes Reasoning Ability section comprises of 35 marks and include 35 questions. Usually, reasoning section is quite time consuming and a bit difficult and requires a lot of practice. In this article we are taken up the concept of Syllogism and we will discuss everything including its intriduction, types of questions along with few practice questions. This How to Master Syllogism Concept along with Practice Questions is important for the upcoming RBI Assistant Prelims examination.

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How to Master Syllogism Concept along with Practice Questions

Syllogism Types

In Competitive Examination, To master the topic, you should practice more and more questions related to different types of syllogism.

1. Basic Syllogism: In this type of syllogism questions, the statements are 100% true and the conclusion must be 100% true.

Example:

Statement: All Ball is Oval. Some Oval is Circle.

Conclusion: Some Ball is Circle.

The above conclusion is definitely false as we cannot derive any relationship between Ball and Circle from the above statement.

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2. Complimentary pairs (Either – Or Case): In this type of syllogism questions, the statements are 100% true and two conclusions together can be partially true. Here are three cases when ‘Either-Or’ follows:

a. Some + Some not

b. Some + No

c. All + Some not

Example:

Statement: All Ball is Oval. Some Oval is Circle.

Conclusion:  

1. Some Ball is Circle – False (As, there is no relation between Ball and Circle)

2. No Ball is Circle – False (As, there is no relation between Ball and Circle)

But if we consider both the conclusions together then, either conclusion 1 or conclusion 2 is true as this is a complimentary pair. If we consider the first conclusion to be true, the second conclusion is definitely false and if we consider second conclusion to be true, then the first conclusion is definitely false. So, both the conclusions together can be partially true.

3. Only – Only a few: This type of syllogism is conditional based syllogism. This is one of the most important concepts to be covered in syllogism as the questions based on ‘only – only a few’ is really confusing. If a statement says ‘only a few A is B’, then only a certain part of A is B and the remaining part is not B and if a statement says ‘Only A is B’, then All B is A, such that B can be only part of A.

4. Possibility based Syllogism: In this type of syllogism, the conclusion is based on possibilities e.g., if ‘All A is B’ and ‘No A is C’, then ‘Some C being B is a possibility’ is definitely true. In such type of syllogism, ‘can be’ or ‘possibility’ keywords are used.

5. Coded Syllogism: This type of syllogism usually comes in Mains examination, in which a comparison between two elements is usually defined by code i.e., symbol, number etc. For example: In, A&B, ‘&’ represents ‘some’, so we can interpret ‘Some A is B’.

6. Reverse Syllogism: This type of syllogism also comes in Mains examination. In this, few conclusions will be given, and you have to find out which statements given in the options will let follow all these conclusions.

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Syllogism Diagrams

Diagram in Syllogism shows the relationship between two or more elements.

The diagram helps in solving the questions related to syllogism.

Let us understand the diagrams using examples:

Statement: Some Red is Color.

Diagram:

Statement: All Red is Color.

Diagram:

Statement: No Red is Color.

Diagram:

Statement: Only a few Red is Color.

Diagram:

Here, only a few part of Red is color, so, All Red can never be Color.

Statement: Only Red is Color.

Diagram:

Here, All color is Red and color cannot be related to other element as it is a part of only Red.

Statement: Some Red is not Color.

Diagram:

Here, some part of Red can never be Color.

Example:

Statements:

Only A are C. Only a few B are A. Only a few G are B. No B are D. All E are D. Some E are F

Diagram:

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Conclusions:

1. Some A are B – It definitely follows.

2. No E is B – It definitely follows as All E are D and No B is D.  

3. Some A is not B – It definitely follows as C can only be part of A and that part of A cannot be B.

4. All B being G is a possibility – It definitely follows as only a few G is B, some part of G is not B but all B can be G.

5. All F can be D. It definitely follows.

6. Some F can be C. It definitely doesn’t follow as Only A is C, i.e., all C is A, but C cannot be related to any other element.

Question 1: In the question below some statements are given followed by two conclusions I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion definitely follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements:

No Oxygen are Carbon

30% Oxygen are Nitrogen

All Nitrogen are Sulphur

Conclusions:

I. At least Some Oxygen are Sulphur

II. Some Nitrogen are not Carbon

A) Only Conclusion I follows

B) Only Conclusion II follows

C) Both Conclusion I and II follow

D) Either Conclusion I or II follows

E) Neither Conclusion I nor II follows

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Question 2: In the question below there are three statements followed by two conclusions I and II. You have to take the three given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the three statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statement:

Some buildings are classes.

Only a few classes are teachers.

All teachers are Men.

Conclusions:

I. Some Men being building is a possibility.

II. All classes can never be teachers.

A) Only conclusion II follows

B) Both conclusion I and conclusion II follow

C) Either conclusion I or conclusion II follows

D) Neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows

E) Only conclusion I follows

Question 3: In the question below there are three statements followed by two conclusions I and II. You have to take the three given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the three statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements:

Only walls are doors.

Some walls are windows.

All windows are woods.

Conclusions:

I. Some woods are walls.

II. Some windows are doors is a possibility.

A) Only conclusion II follows

B) Both conclusion I and conclusion II follow

C) Neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows

D) Only conclusion I follows

E) Either conclusion I or conclusion II follows

Question 4: In the question below there are three statements followed by two conclusions I and II. You have to take the three given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the three statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statement:

Some Boxes are Paints.

All Paints are Colour.

All Colour are Black.

Conclusion:

I. No Colour are boxes.

II. No Boxes are Black.

A) Both conclusion I and conclusion II follow

B) Only conclusion I follow.

C) Either conclusion I or conclusion II follows.

D) Neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows.

E) Only conclusion II follows.

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Question 5: In the question below there are three statements followed by two conclusions I and II. You have to take the three given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the three statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statement:

All Mocks are Tests.

No Video is Lecture.

Only a few Lecture is test.

Conclusion:

I. Some Lecture are Mocks.

II. Some Lecture can never be test.

A) Only conclusion I follows

B) Only conclusion II follows

C) Either conclusion I or conclusion II follows

D) Neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows

E) Both conclusion I and conclusion II follow

Question 6: In the question below some statements are given followed by three conclusions I, II, and III. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion definitely follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements:

All Pillow are Cushion

Some Sheet are Pillow

No Cushion are Curtain

Conclusions:

I. Some Sheet are Cushion is a possibility

II. Some Pillow are Curtain is a possibility

III. Some Curtain are Sheet

A) Only Conclusion I and II follow

B) Only Conclusion II and III follow

C) Only Conclusion III and I follow

D) Only Conclusion III follows

E) None of the Conclusions follows

Question 7: In the question below some statements are given followed by three conclusions I, II, and III. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion definitely follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements:

Only Mobile are Tower

Only a few Mobile are Network

All Caller are Network

Conclusions:

I. At least some Caller are Tower

II. Some Network are Tower is a possibility

III. All Network are Mobile

A) Only Conclusion I and II follow

B) Only Conclusion II and III follow

C) Only Conclusion III and I follow

D) All Conclusions I, II and III follows

E) None of the Conclusions follows

Question 8: In the question below there are three statements followed by two conclusions I and II. You have to take the three given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the three statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements:

Only a few match is best

All crowd is match

Only match is play

Conclusions:

I. All play can be crowd

II. Some best can be both crowd and play

A) Both conclusion I and conclusion II follow

B) Only conclusion II follows

C) Only conclusion I follows

D) Neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows

E) None of these

Question 9: In the question below some statements are given followed by three conclusions I, II and III. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion definitely follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements:

Every Colaba are Bandra

All Bandra are Thane

No Thane is Pune

Conclusions:

I. No Bandra are Pune

II. Some Pune are Colaba is a possibility.

III. Some Thane are Colaba is a possibility

A) Only conclusion I follows

B) Only conclusion II follows

C) Only conclusion III follows

D) Only conclusion I and II follow

E) Only conclusion II and I follow

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Question 10: In the question below some statements are given followed by three conclusions I, II and III. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion definitely follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements:

Only a few Broom are Wiper

Some Broom are not Mat

Only a few Mat are Table

Conclusions:

I. All Table are Mat

II. Some Wiper are Mat

III. Some Mat are Broom

A) Only conclusion I follows

B) Only conclusion II follows

C) Only conclusion I and II follow

D) None of the conclusions follow

E) Only conclusion III follows

प्रश्न 1: प्रश्न में कुछ कथनों के बाद दो निष्कर्ष I और II दिए गए हैं। आपको दिए गए कथनों को सत्य मानना है, भले ही वे ज्ञात तथ्यों से भिन्न दिखाई देते हों। सभी निष्कर्षों को पढ़ें और फिर तय करें कि दिए गए निष्कर्षों में से कौन-सा निष्कर्ष निश्चित रूप से दिए गए ज्ञात तथ्यों की अवहेलना करते हुए कथनों का अनुसरण करता है।

कथन:

कोई Oxygen Carbon नहीं है।

30% Oxygen Nitrogen है।

सभी Nitrogen Sulphur है।

निष्कर्ष:

I. कम से कम कुछ Oxygen Sulphur है।

II. कुछ Nitrogen Carbon नहीं है।

A) केवल निष्कर्ष I अनुसरण करता है

B) केवल निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

C) निष्कर्ष I और II दोनों अनुसरण करते हैं

D) या तो निष्कर्ष I या II अनुसरण करता है

E) न तो निष्कर्ष I और न ही II अनुसरण करता है

प्रश्न 2: नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न में तीन कथन और उसके बाद दो निष्कर्ष I और II दिए गए हैं। आपको दिए गए तीन कथनों को सत्य मानना है, भले ही वे सामान्य रूप से ज्ञात तथ्यों से भिन्न प्रतीत होते हों और फिर तय करें कि दिए गए निष्कर्षों में से कौन सा निष्कर्ष सामान्य रूप से ज्ञात तथ्यों की अवहेलना करते हुए तीन कथनों का तार्किक रूप से अनुसरण करता है।

कथन:

कुछ buildings classes हैं।

केवल कुछ classes teachers है।

सभी teachers Men है।

निष्कर्ष:

I. कुछ Men के building होने की प्रायिकता है।

II. सभी classes teachers नहीं हो सकते हैं।

A) केवल निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

B) निष्कर्ष I और निष्कर्ष II दोनों अनुसरण करते हैं

C) या तो निष्कर्ष I या निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

D) न तो निष्कर्ष I और न ही निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

E) केवल निष्कर्ष I अनुसरण करता है

प्रश्न 3: नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न में तीन कथन और उसके बाद दो निष्कर्ष I और II दिए गए हैं। आपको दिए गए तीन कथनों को सत्य मानना है, भले ही वे सामान्य रूप से ज्ञात तथ्यों से भिन्न प्रतीत होते हों और फिर तय करें कि दिए गए निष्कर्षों में से कौन सा निष्कर्ष सामान्य रूप से ज्ञात तथ्यों की अवहेलना करते हुए तीन कथनों का तार्किक रूप से अनुसरण करता है।

कथन:

केवल walls doors है।

कुछ walls windows है।

सभी windows woods है।

निष्कर्ष:

I. कुछ woods walls है।

II. कुछ windows के doors होने की संभावना है।

A) केवल निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

B) निष्कर्ष I और निष्कर्ष II दोनों अनुसरण करते हैं

C) न तो निष्कर्ष I और न ही निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

D) केवल निष्कर्ष I अनुसरण करता है

E) या तो निष्कर्ष I या निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

प्रश्न 4: नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न में तीन कथन और उसके बाद दो निष्कर्ष I और II दिए गए हैं। आपको दिए गए तीन कथनों को सत्य मानना है, भले ही वे सामान्य रूप से ज्ञात तथ्यों से भिन्न प्रतीत होते हों और फिर तय करें कि दिए गए निष्कर्षों में से कौन सा निष्कर्ष सामान्य रूप से ज्ञात तथ्यों की अवहेलना करते हुए तीन कथनों का तार्किक रूप से अनुसरण करता है।

कथन:

कुछ Boxes Paints है।

सभी Paints Colour है।

सभी Colour Black है।

निष्कर्ष:

I. कोई Colour boxes नहीं है।

II. कोई Boxes Black नहीं है।

A) निष्कर्ष I और निष्कर्ष II दोनों अनुसरण करते हैं

B) केवल निष्कर्ष I अनुसरण करता है।

C) या तो निष्कर्ष I या निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है।

D) न तो निष्कर्ष I और न ही निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है।

E) केवल निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है।

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प्रश्न 5: नीचे प्रश्न में तीन कथन और उसके बाद दो निष्कर्ष I और II दिए गए हैं। आपको दिए गए तीन कथनों को सत्य मानना है, भले ही वे सामान्य रूप से ज्ञात तथ्यों से भिन्न प्रतीत होते हों और फिर तय करें कि दिए गए निष्कर्षों में से कौन-सा निष्कर्ष सामान्य रूप से ज्ञात तथ्यों की अवहेलना करते हुए तीन कथनों का तार्किक रूप से अनुसरण करता है।

कथन:

सभी Mocks Tests हैै।

कोई Video Lecture नहीं है।

केवल कुछ Lecture test है।

निष्कर्ष:

I. कुछ Lecture Mocks है।

II. कुछ Lecture कभी भी test नहीं हो सकते हैं।

A) केवल निष्कर्ष I अनुसरण करता है

B) केवल निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

C) या तो निष्कर्ष I या निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

D) न तो निष्कर्ष I और न ही निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

E) निष्कर्ष I और निष्कर्ष II दोनों अनुसरण करते हैं

प्रश्न 6: प्रश्न में कुछ कथनों के बाद तीन निष्कर्ष I, II और III दिए गए हैं। आपको दिए गए कथनों को सत्य मानना है, भले ही वे ज्ञात तथ्यों से अलग दिखाई देते हों। सभी निष्कर्षों को पढ़ें और फिर तय करें कि दिए गए निष्कर्षों में से कौन-सा निष्कर्ष ज्ञात तथ्यों की अवहेलना करते हुए निश्चित रूप से दिए गए कथनों का अनुसरण करता है।

कथन:

सभी pillow cushion हैं।

कुछ sheet pillow हैं।

कोई cushion curtain नहीं हैं।

निष्कर्ष:

I. कुछ sheet के cushion होने की संभावना है।

II. कुछ pillow के curtain होने की संभावना है।

III. कुछ curtain sheet हैं।

A) केवल निष्कर्ष I और II अनुसरण करते हैं

B) केवल निष्कर्ष II और III अनुसरण करते हैं

C) केवल निष्कर्ष III और I अनुसरण करते हैं

D) केवल निष्कर्ष III अनुसरण करता है

E) कोई भी निष्कर्ष अनुसरण नहीं करता है

प्रश्न 7: प्रश्न में कुछ कथनों के बाद तीन निष्कर्ष I, II और III दिए गए हैं। आपको दिए गए कथनों को सत्य मानना है, भले ही वे ज्ञात तथ्यों से अलग दिखाई देते हों। सभी निष्कर्षों को पढ़ें और फिर तय करें कि दिए गए निष्कर्षों में से कौन-सा निष्कर्ष ज्ञात तथ्यों की अवहेलना करते हुए निश्चित रूप से दिए गए कथनों का अनुसरण करता है।

कथन:

केवल Mobile Tower हैं।

केवल कुछ Mobile Network हैं।

सभी Caller Network हैं।

निष्कर्ष:

I. कम से कम कुछ Caller Tower हैं।

II. कुछ Network के Tower होने की संभावना है।

III. सभी Network MObile हैं।

A) केवल निष्कर्ष I और II अनुसरण करते हैं

B) केवल निष्कर्ष II और III अनुसरण करते हैं

C) केवल निष्कर्ष III और I अनुसरण करते हैं

D) सभी निष्कर्ष I, II और III अनुसरण करते हैं

E) कोई भी निष्कर्ष अनुसरण नहीं करता है

प्रश्न 8: प्रश्न में तीन कथन और उसके बाद दो निष्कर्ष I और II दिए गए हैं। आपको दिए गए तीन कथनों को सत्य मानना है, भले ही वे सामान्य रूप से ज्ञात तथ्यों से भिन्न दिखाई देते हो और फिर तय करें कि दिए गए निष्कर्षों में से कौन-सा निष्कर्ष सामान्य रूप से ज्ञात तथ्यों की अवहेलना करते हुए तीन कथनों का तार्किक रूप से अनुसरण करता है।

कथन:

केवल कुछ match best हैं।

सभी crowd match है।

केवल match play है।

निष्कर्ष:

I. सभी play crowd हो सकते हैं।

II. कुछ best crowd और play दोनों हो सकते हैं।

A) निष्कर्ष I और निष्कर्ष II दोनों अनुसरण करते हैं

B) केवल निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

C) केवल निष्कर्ष I अनुसरण करता है

D) न तो निष्कर्ष I और न ही निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

E) इनमें से कोई नहीं

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प्रश्न 9: प्रश्न में कुछ कथनों के बाद तीन निष्कर्ष I, II और III दिए गए हैं। आपको दिए गए कथनों को सत्य मानना है, भले ही वे ज्ञात तथ्यों से भिन्न प्रतीत होते हों। सभी निष्कर्षों को पढ़ें और फिर तय करें कि दिए गए निष्कर्षों में से कौन- सा निष्कर्ष निश्चित रूप से ज्ञात तथ्यों की अवहेलना करते हुए दिए गए कथनों का अनुसरण करता है।

कथन:

प्रत्येक Colaba Bandra हैं

सभी Bandra Thane हैं।

कोई Thane Pune नहीं है।

निष्कर्ष:

I. कोई Bandra Pune नहीं है।

II. कुछ Pune के Colaba होने की संभावना है।

III. कुछ Thane के Colaba होने की संभावना है।

A) केवल निष्कर्ष I अनुसरण करता है

B) केवल निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

C) केवल निष्कर्ष III अनुसरण करता है

D) केवल निष्कर्ष I और II अनुसरण करते हैं

E) केवल निष्कर्ष II और I अनुसरण करते हैं

प्रश्न 10: प्रश्न में कुछ कथनों के बाद तीन निष्कर्ष I, II और III दिए गए हैं। आपको दिए गए कथनों को सत्य मानना है, भले ही वे ज्ञात तथ्यों से भिन्न दिखाई देते हों। सभी निष्कर्षों को पढ़ें और फिर तय करें कि दिए गए निष्कर्षों में से कौन-सा निष्कर्ष ज्ञात तथ्यों की अवहेलना करते हुए निश्चित रूप से दिए गए कथनों का अनुसरण करता है।

कथन:

केवल कुछ Broom Wiper है।

कुछ Broom Mat नहीं है।

केवल कुछ Mat Table है।

निष्कर्ष:

I. सभी Table Mat हैं।

II. कुछ Wiper Mat हैं।

III. कुछ Mat Broom हैं।

A) केवल निष्कर्ष I अनुसरण करता है

B) केवल निष्कर्ष II अनुसरण करता है

C) केवल निष्कर्ष I और II अनुसरण करते हैं

D) कोई भी निष्कर्ष अनुसरण नहीं करता है

E) केवल निष्कर्ष III अनुसरण करता है

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ANSWER KEYS and SOLUTIONS:

Solution 1: C)

We draw the following figure:

From the figure, we get, both Conclusion I and II follows.

Hence, option c.

Solution 2: B)

Following Venn diagrams can be formed:

Both conclusion I and conclusion II follow.

Hence, option b.

Solution 3: D)

Following Venn diagram can be drawn:

Only Walls are Doors means Doors can be part of only Walls, so, conclusion II doesn’t follow.

Only conclusion I follows.

Hence, option d.

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Solution 4: D)

Following Venn diagram can be drawn:

Neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows

Hence, option d.

Solution 5: B)

Following Venn diagrams can be formed:

“Some Lectures are Mocks” doesn’t follow. (As there is no definite relation given between mocks and lecture)

“Some Lectures can never be test” follows (Only the shaded part of lectures will always be the part of tests as only a few lecture is test is given)

Only conclusion II follows

Hence, option b.

Solution 6: E)

We draw the following figure:

From the figure we get, none of the Conclusions follows.

Hence, option e.

Solution 7: E)

We draw the following figure:

From the figure we get, none of the Conclusions follows.

Hence, option e.

Solution 8: D)

Following figure can be formed from the statements:

Since, only match is play is given which means all play is only part of match, so, both the conclusions do not follow.

Hence, option d.

Solution 9: A)

We draw the following figure:

From the figure, only conclusion I follows.

Hence, option a.

Solution 10: D)

We draw the following figure:

From the figure, none of the conclusions follow.

Hence, option d.

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